California has signed a pair of artificial-intelligence measures built around a familiar regulatory idea: consequential systems should be examined by people who did not build them.
The measures establish standards for third-party audits and independent assessments. Their significance will depend on implementation — which systems qualify, how auditors demonstrate independence and what information reaches the public.
For companies, the framework adds a new compliance layer in the country’s largest technology market. For residents, its value will be measured by whether failures become easier to identify before they cause harm.
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